Family Elaeocarpaceae – New Species described from Sri Lanka

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Grant No: RG/2018/EB/01

Principal Investigator: Prof. Deepthi Yakandawala, University of Peradeniya

Project Title: Taxonomic Study of the Sri Lankan species, belonging to the family Elaeocarpaceae

It is estimated that 45% of flowering plant species worldwide could become extinct before they are even discovered, studied, or utilized for human benefit. Sri Lanka, a global biodiversity hotspot with remarkable endemism, is no exception, and many undescribed species face significant threats due to human activities, therefore are urgently in need to be documented and protected.

In this context, taxonomy—the science of identifying, describing, and classifying organisms—plays a crucial role in addressing this crisis. Recent taxonomic studies in Sri Lanka have made significant contributions by describing numerous new species, enriching the country's biodiversity records and highlighting the urgent need for conservation.

This study focused on the genus Elaeocarpus, a group of flowering plants with ecological and potential medicinal significance. The study has described a new species, Elaeocarpus mahamayensis N. Silva, Yakand. & K. Yakand., endemic to the Knuckles Mountain Range in the Matale District. This discovery not only enhances Sri Lanka’s natural heritage but also highlights the unique flora of this region.

In addition, work is underway to describe two more new species and three varieties of Elaeocarpus all endemic to the island. These findings are critical for biodiversity conservation, ensuring these plants are not lost to science and creating opportunities to explore their ecological and potential economic value.

Taxonomic research of this nature underscores the importance of understanding and preserving our natural resources. By documenting these species, not only Sri Lanka’s biodiversity is celebrated but also helps lay the groundwork for sustainable use and conservation strategies that will benefit future generations.

Figure 01 - Elaeocarpus mahamayensis inflorescence

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Figure 02 - Flower Elaeocarpus hedyosmus

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